Steel window structure



1 2, 1953 w. c. WATKINS 2,638,189

STEEL wiunow STRUCTURE Filed Sept. 24, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG 2.

I b :snven-ror Bu z (Ittorneg y 1953 w. c. WATKINS STEEL wmnow STRUCTUREFiled Sept. 24; 1951 5 Sheens-Shecrv 2 3110mm: Way/w (I. I444r/r/A/5,

(Ittorneg May 12, 1953 w. c. WATKINS STEEL WINDOW STRUCTURE 3Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 24 1951 VIIIIIIIIIIIIII INVENTOR.

WILLIAM C- WATKINS 3 M amal A7TOR/VEY5.

Patented May 12, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE STEEL WINDOW STRUCTUREWilliam 0. Watkins, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application September 24, 1951, Serial No. 247,914

My invention relates to window construction, with particular referenceto a steel window or sash adapted for use in both dwellings andindustrial installation, and is acontinuation-inpart of my copendingapplication, Serial No. 732,946 entitled Steel Window Structure, filedMarch 7, 1947 which has been abandoned. Although there are available onthe market at the present time, a number of steel framed windows ofvarious designs, none of these windows appear to be adapted to themodern trend in architecture in which the use of low sweeping lines isemphasized. It will readily be apparent that to achieve such a sweepingeffect in the appearance of a building, the windows used in itsconstruction must be capable of being furnished in elongated lengthslrather than in the stock sizes now available. In addition, the presentwindows are equipped with a complicated actuating mechanism for moving aportion of the window inwardly or outwardly for ventilation, and withthe result that repairs to the actuating mechanism are usually beyondthe ability of the average person. A further disadvantage of thepresently'available type of steel window is the danger of it beinginadvertently left in the open position during a storm or strong wind,and the extending portion being broken from its supporting pins orhinges.

To eliminate these detrimental features there have been heretoforeproposed windows incorporating an integrated frame and sill within whichis mounted one or more horizontally movable window sections. Suchwindows, however, have proved to haveother disadvantages. Many of them,for example, have not been sufliciently weather-tight to restrain theentrance of winds, moisture and dirt. Others, if made sufficientlyweather-tight, have proved to be either difiicult to open and close (themovable sections tending to bind within the frame and sill), or elsehave proved to be subject to disagreeable rattling (the movable sectionbeing free to move laterally within the frame and sill). Hence, it is amajor object of my invention to provide a window of this type havingnovel construction whereby although it is completely Weather-tight, itis also easy to operate and is not subject to rattling.

To this end the horizontally movable'section of my window is supportedat itsupper portion by a plurality of rollers mounted upon this portionand adapted to rotate upon a horizontal guide member carried by theupper portion of the frame. The lower portion of the movable sectionmounts means engageable witha lower guide member carried by the sill;which means adapted to re- 7 Claims. (01. 189-64) strain lateralmovement of the section within the frame and sill without restraininghorizontal movement of the movable section therewithin. My windowadditionally includes an integrated frame and sill which may be coatedwith a rustproof primer prior to being delivered to the com structionjob site. My window is adapted for fabrication in a variety of muntenand mullion design particularly adapted to the style of architecture ofthe building in which it will be installed.

It is another object of my invention to furnish a steel window or sashthat will be unrestricted as to design, possess a maximum light area,have astreamlined munten and mullion design and need outside screeningonly over that portion of the window that is slidably opened forventilation.

Another object of my invention is toreduce the maintenance cost on steelwindows by eliminating the need for counterbalances and sash weights,the use of hinges, gears and crank mechanisms and the necessity ofstocking a large amount of repair parts.

A further object of my invention is to furnish a window having anextremely simple mechanical structure, and one adapted for being used.by the amateur builder who has only an elementary knowledge ofcarpentry.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a Window having ahorizontally movable section, which window will effectively restrain theentrance of wind, moisture and dirt.

These and other objects and advantages of my invention will appear fromthe following description of a preferred form thereof and from theaccompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my completely integrated steel windowframe;

Figure 2 is a horizontal cross section of the device taken on. the line2-2 of Figure 1;

. Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal cross sectionillustrating in detail the construction of the side jamb, the verticalinterlocking meeting rail or mullion, and the movable section head andtrack channel, and one of the slidable section roller supports;

Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary'horizontal cross section of theupper head memberand one of the springs utilized to prevent rattling ofthe movable section taken on the line t-6 of Figure Figure '7 is anenlarged fragmentary perspective view of the horizontal sill and lowercros piece of the movable section;

Figure 8 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal cross section of thelower cross piece of the movable section showing one of the springs usedin preventing rattling of the movable section taken on line 38 of Figure'7;

Figure 9 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the window headmember shown in Figure 5;

Figure 10 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective View of the horizontalsill and lower cross piece of the movable section similar to Figure 7and showing another means which may be used to prevent rattling of themovable section;

Figure 11 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal cross section taken online I I -I I; and

Figure 12 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical cross section taken online I2-l2 of Figure 11..

Referring now to the drawings, and particularly to Figure 1 thereof forthe general arrangement of my invention, it will be seen that arectangularframe F is formed by a horizontal sill member S, a pair ofvertical side jambs J and, J disposed at each end thereof, and ahorizontally positioned head member H rigidly aifixed to and supportedbetween the pair of side jambs J and J. A vertical interlocking dividingbar or mullion M extends between the sill S and the head member H todivide the window into two sections; the section It situated on theright of the mullion M as shown in Figure 1 being stationary and adaptedfor view purposes, while the section II is slidably adjustable and maybe used for ventilation of the room or building.

Although for convenience of illustration, I have shown sections Ill andII to be of substantially the same length, this relationship may bealtered at the time of manufacture to suit the desire of the purchaser.It will be apparent that several variations in the arrangement of theslidable section I! are possible, such as: repeating the section H atboth ends of the window with each section sliding inwardly; or havingtwo sliding sections at the center of the window, each of which movesoutwardly from one another to engage a mullion that may be spaced somedistance in from the side jamb. The latter arrangement is particularlyeffective where it is desired to protect drapes situated at the endportions of the window from dust or dirt brought in through the opensections. Under most circumstances, as long a section IE) as possiblewill be found to be desirable for view purposes, although this will bedetermined by the overall length of the win- 'dow and the portion ofthat length which must be allotted to the movable section I I to insureproper ventilation under the most adverse climatic conditions that willbe encountered.

The sill S may be fabricated in a number of different ways but I havefound it preferable to form the sill as an integral unit from arectangular sheet of metal of an appropriate gauge that is pressed intoa cross section such as is shown in Figures 4 and 7. It will be notedthat the sill S includes a horizontally positioned rectangular sillmember !2 that turns upwardly on its rearwardly disposed edge into anangular inverted. J-shaped member I3, the function of which willhereinafter be discussed in detail. Member I3 includes a verticalupwardly extending flange I l, a horizontal forwardly projecting web I5,and a flange .I 5 extending downwardly a somewhat less distance than.the height of the flange I4,

A downward step I! situated on the forward edge of the member !2 isformed from a pair of laterally spaced risers I8 and I 9 with ahorizontal step member 20 extending therebetween as best seen in Figure4. Sloping downwardly and away from the lower edge of the riser I 9 is arectangular sill cap 2| with a short vertical flange 22 disposed on itsforward edge.

It will be seen from Figure 4 that with my window installed in a wall,any water or moisture collecting on the sill S will flow forwardly alongthe upper face of the cap 2|, and pass downwardly over the flange 22 tothe exterior of the window supporting wall. The flange 22 preventsinward seepage of water toward the interior of the wall section, andany'attendant damage that may re sult from. such a condition.

Head member Hhas a cross section such as is shown in. Figure 9 and isformed as an integral unit from sheet metal on a press break or Yodermill, although. in the large scale production of my window a rolledshape having the desired cross section may be advantageously used. Thehead member H is formed from a rectangular member 23 that is providedonv its forward edge with a downward step 24 consisting of. a pair oflaterally spaced risers 25 and 26' and a horizontal connecting stepmember 21 as best seen in Figures 5 and 9. Both the member 23 and step24 are identical to and in vertical alignment with the sill member I 2and step H. An angular J-shaped track channel 28, used in movablysupporting the slidable section II, extends downwardly from therearwardly disposed edge'of member i2 and includes a supporting flange29, a forwardly extending horizontal track web an and an upwardlyprojecting guide rail 3I that is somewhat shorter in height than theflange 29. Proceeding rearwardly from the lower edge of the riser 26 isa horizontal member 32 that terminates in a relatively short downturnedvertical flange 33' on its rearward edge. The forward face of the flange33 and the riser I 8 are in vertical alignment and serve as glazingsupports for a stationary glass pane as will hereinafter be explained.

Each of the vertically disposed side jambs J and J includes a member 4!}having a Z-shaped cross section, and comprising a web member ll with aflange 42 extending inwardly from its rearward edge and a similar flange43 projecting outwardly from its forward edge. Both of the flanges 42and 43 are parallel to one another and normal to the faces of the Webmember M. It will be noted in Figures 2 and 3 that the side jamb Jterminates on its forward and rearward face by the flanges 42 and 43being flush with the exterior faces of the flange M and riser I9respectively.

Although each of the side jambs J and J includes the vertical member 40,the interior arrangement of each jamb is different. The inner face ofthe side jamb J which the slidable section I I contacts when in theclosed position is pro vided with a vertically positioned member 44 having a channel shaped cross section, that includes a pair of laterallyspaced inwardly projecting arms 45 and 45 with a web 41 extendingtherebetween. For convenience in the construction my window the outerface of the web il is preferably aflixed to the interior face of the web4| by spot welding. The channel 44 is so situated on the web 4| that asubstantial space is left between the rearward face of the channelflange 45 Y and. the forward face of the jamb. flange 42- asmay best beseen in Figure 3. The space between the flanges 42 and 45 is occupied bya portion. of the movable section II when it is in the closed position.

In the construction of the opposite side jamb J a vertical member 48having an L-shaped cross section and composed of a pair of legs 49 and50 which are disposednormal one to the other, is affixed in a verticalposition on the interior face of web 40 by being spot welded thereto asmay be seen in Figure 2.

The interlocking dividing bar or mullion M is preferably formed from arectangular sheet of metal of such thickness that it may be pressed toform an F-shaped member composed of a web 5! of partial double thicknessand two parallel laterally spaced flanges 52 and 53 projecting outwardlytoward the jamb J as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. Flange 53 isarranged with its forward face in vertical alignment with the forwardlydisposed faces of jamb flange 5B, the sill riser. l8 and the headerflange 33. Thus it will be seen that with the forward faces of thesemembers in alignment a support is provided to prevent the rearwardmovement of a rectangular pane of glass 54 that fits into the stationarysection ill of the window, with its lower edge resting on the upper faceof the sill step 20, its upper edge against the inner face of the headermember 32, and its vertical edges abutting the mullion arm 5| and web Mof the side jamb J respectively. The pane 54 is held in place againstthe above members by putty being applied in the conventional manner.

Movable section ll includes a pair of vertical, laterally spaced endpieces 60 and GI, with each end piece being fabricated with a differentcross section. The end piece 80 which engages the side jamb J whensection l is in closed position is pressed from sheet metal and has asubstantially square U-shaped cross section that includes a pair oflaterally spaced, parallel, flanges 62 and 63 with a connecting web Theflange 62 is longer than the flange 63, and is bent back upon itself toform a lip 65 that extends inwardly toward the mullion M above the innerface of the web 54 as best seen in Figure 3. The vertical end piece 6!is preferably formed from a rectangular strip of sheet material bypressing same to have a Z-shaped cross section that includes a pair ofparallel arms 58 and all with a connecting web 68. By bending the outerportion of each of the flanges '66 and 67, a pair of parallel ribs E35and '10 are provided that extend inwardly toward the mullion M. It willbe noted in Figure 2 that the forwardly disposed faces of the lip 65 andrib 69 are in alignment and serve as vertical supports to prevent therearward movement of a rectan gular pane of glass or other transparentmaterial ll that extends therebetween. The rib 1D, with the section I lin the closed position, engages the opening between the mullion flanges52 and 53 to form an interlocking wind-proof joint. A horizontallypositioned top and bottom cross piece 12 and [3 respectively, eachhaving a Z-shaped cross section, extends between the end pieces (in and6!. Each of the cross pieces 12 and 13 includes a pair of parallelflanges 'M and i5 that extend outwardly in opposite directions and inunequal distances from a connecting web it as may best be seen in Figurel. Flange M, which is of somewhat greater depth than flange ?5, projectsoutwardly from section I l and has its rearward face disposed a slightdistance in from the sill flange l6 and header flange 3!. The flanges 15extend inwardly toward one anothery'and have their forwardly disposedfaces in vertical alignment with the forward face of the lip 65 and rib"69 to serve as supports to prevent the rearward movement of the pane H.

For movably supporting the section I i a downturned L-shaped member 11that includes a vertical and horizontal arm 18 and 19 respectively, isamxed by welding to the upper edge of cross piece flange 4 at each endthereof. Rotatably supported from the arm 18 by a horizontal shaft asthat engages both members is a roller 8| which travels along the upperface of the channel web 36 as best seen in Figures 4 and 5. To preventthe movable section H from rattling or vibrating, a second down-turnedL-shaped member 82, having a vertical and horizontal arm 83 and 84respectively, is disposed inwardly from each of the L-shaped members 11and secured to the upper edge of theflange 14 by welding. A horizontallypositioned elongated rectangular spring 85, preferably of Phosphorbronze, and having a central portion 85 that fits against the forwardlydisposed face of the arm 63, is aflixed thereto by a rivet it? thatengages both members. An outwardly disposed portion 83 of the spring isbent to contact the forward face of the header flange 29 and theinwardly disposed spring portion 39 is likewise bent to contact therearward face of the flange 3 l.

Supported at each end of the movable section H from the lower edge offlange H, as may best.

be seen in Figures '7 and 8, is a rearwardly extending upturnedl.-shaped member to having a vertical and horizontal arm 9! and 92respectively. A. substantially horizontal elongated rectangular Phosphorbronze spring 93 is affixed to the forward face of the arm 92 by a rivet94 and with one end portion 85 of the spring bent rear- Wardly tocontact the forward face of the flange i4 and the opposite end portion93 likewise is bent to contact the rearward face of flange 16. Thus itwill e seen that by the use of the springs i355 and 533 any rattling orvibration of the movable section M is eliminated.

It should be understood that other means may be utilized to restrain anyrattling or vibration of the movable section l I in place of the springs85 and Thus, in Figures 10, 11 and 12 there is shown a roller element H2rotatably mounted by a vertical pin lid, which pin is secured at itslower end to the forward face of the arm 82 of the cross piece 13. Thisroller element H2 will preferably be formed of natural or syntheticrubber and will have a diameter equal to or only slightly smaller thanthe horizontal distance sepaerating the forward and rearward faces ofthe flange id, as shown in Figure 12. Hence, at all times the peripheryof the roller element H2 will be engagement with one of these faceswhereby a plurality of these roller elements may be substituted for theplurality of springs 85 and 93 as rattling preventing means. It shouldalso be noted that these roller elements i l2 are shown mounted only onthe lower cross piece it and not on the upper cross piece 12, inasmuchas it has been found possible to eliminate rattling of the movablesection by employing roller elements or springs on the lower cross piecealone.

In order that the slidable section if may not be opened from the outsideby thieves or wouldbe trespassers, a conventional lock Hill is affixedin a convenient location on the end piece 6t as best seen in Figure 2, abolt I9! that may be actuated by a handle Hi2 slidably engages acylindrical receptacle H33 that is rigidly'afflxed in a horizontalposition to the vertical jamb flange 42. Such a locking mechanismpermits the slidable section II tobe placed in the open position onlyfrom the interior of the room or building in which my window is located.

As the section H is the only portion of my window adapted for beingmoved, a rectangular screen we may be inserted in vertical alignmentwith the pane 54 between the interior faces of the side jamb J andmullion M. The screen is provided with the usual wire mesh body H35 in arectangular frame the that on three sides is preferably formed from flatmetal strip it? and on the fourth side with an inwardly extending flangeH28. On the rearwardly extending edge of flange H38 are several hookstilt that may be formed from either wire or strap and are used to engagethe mullion flange 52 as best seen in Figure 2. The screen EM is put inplace by having the hooks Hi9 engage the flange S2 with. the screenfiange Elli; situated adjacent to the mullion web The three sides of theframe Eta are disposed the interior faces of sill step til, side jamb J,and header arm and held thereon by a number of machine screws i it thatengage both the screen frame and window rnerr here. It will be notedthat such screening the advantages of ease of installation and removal,being relatively small in size and light in weight, and requiring aminimum of storage space.

In the installation of my window, an opening sufficiently large toreceive the frame F is left in the studding the wall with suitable crossframing for the windows support. Blocking is inserted between the studsand the exterior face of the side jambs J and J" and the window securedthereto by driving nails through openings (not shown) provided in eachof the side lambs. With the window frame F in place the sheetweather-proofing material used in the construction of the uilding isbrought downwardly to horizontal line formed at the junction of theheader riser 25 and step ill, where it may be easily cut by the use of asharp instrument. The balance of the exterior portion of the wallsection is now constructed, with the outer surface of the finished wallbeing forwardly disposed from the exterior race of the riser 25. It willbe apparent that inward seepage of water from the outer surface of thewall is impossible due to the upwardly extending riser 25 and the sheetweather-proofing material used in the wall construction lapping over it.Along the side lambs J and J the flanges it overlap the blockingmaterial as does the sheet weather-proofing material and anexceptionally weather-tight construction is thus secured. The downwardlyextending sill flange 22 insures that any water or moisture accumulatingon the sill S will flow to the exterior surface of the window supportingwall structure, rather than under the sill cap 2 I. As the. sill E3 ismade integral with the frame F, a more. economical as well asweather-proof winclow construction is assured by the use of my window.

The operation of my window when installed is extremely simple, as itsonly moving part is the section II. It will be seen in Figure 3 thatwith section ll in the closed position a wind and weather-proof joint issecured not only at the mullion M, by the end piece rib l0 interlockingbetween the mullion flanges 52 and 53, but that the same result isachieved at the side jamb J as the flange 54 engages the opening betweenthe section H and flanges 62 and 63.

Movement of the section II requires little manual effort due to thesection being rotatably supported on each end by a roller 8| thattravels along the upper surface of header web 30, as best seen in Figure5. The junction of the movable section H with the inner portion of thehead member H is substantially wind-proof due to the overlapping of thesection H, flange M with the header flange 3|. Although for the purposeof clarity a substantial distance is shown in Figure 4 between theforward face of the flange 3| and the rearward face of the flange 14, inactual practice this is a very snug fit.

As the section I l is moved back and forth, the springs and 93, shown inFigures 5 through 8 will be at all times in slidable contact with thevertical faces of the cross pieces 72 and 13 so as to restrain anyrattling thereof within these cross pieces. With this arrangement, thereis absolutely no binding tendency between the movable section and thesecross pieces. The same results may also be accomplished by use of theroller elements H2 shown in Figures 10, 11 and 12. With respect to theseroller elements, it will be realized that their supporting shafts H4need not have their axes on a common vertical plane extending parallelto the cross piece l3, but rather these shafts may be mutually offsetfrom such plane whereby a certain roller or rollers will be engageablewith only one of the interior vertical faces of the cross piece whilethe other roller or rollers will be engageable with the oppositevertical face. It will also be apparent that the lateral positioning ofthe shafts H4 may determine whether the external surface of the verticalflange it will slidably engage the interior vertical surface of thecross piece l3 adjacent thereto.

Although I have shown the preferred form of my invention as particularlyadapt-ed for window construction, it will readily be apparent that byreplacing the transparent panes Fi l and ll with an opaque material, aslidable door may be obtained. It will also be apparent that due to theunique construction of the head member H it may be used separately fromthe window as a support for hanging slidable doors or windows.

While the apparatus herein shown and described is fully capable ofattaining the objects and providing the advantages hereinbeforementioned, it is to be understood that it is merely illustrative of thepresently preferred form of my invention, and that I do not mean tolimit myself to the details of construction or design herein shown,other than as defined in the appended claims.

This application is a continuation-in-part of patent application SerialNo. 732,946 filed by me March 7, 1M7 and bearing the same title as thisapplication which has been abandoned.

I claim:

1. A window structure which includes: a substantially rectangular frameprovided with a head member and a sill member; a horizontally extendingupper guide member of substantially J-shaped cross section formed onsaid head memher; a longitudinally extending lower guide member ofinverted J-shaped cross section formed on said sill member; asubstantially rectangular section situated within the confines of saidframe; a plurality of downturned L-shaped members affixed to the upperportion of said section, with each of said members having an thatprojects downwardly into said upper guide member; a plurality ofrollers, with each of said rollers situated within the confines of saidupper guide member and rotatably supported from one of said arms, saidrollers movablyconnecting 'said'section to said upper guide memberwhereby said section may be moved horizontally in said frame; aplurality of upturned L-shaped mem- T bers affixed to the lower portionof said section,

with each of said springs supported by one of said arms, and slidablyengaging the interior vertical surfaces of said lower guide member torestrain lateral movement of said section.

2. A window structure which includes: a sub stantially rectangular frameprovided with a head member and a sill member; a horizontally extendingupper guide member of substantially J-shaped cross section formed onsaid head member; a longitudinally extending lower guide member ofinverted J-shaped cross section formed on said sill member; asubstantially rectangular section situated within the confines of saidframe, with said section having upper and.

lower horizontal members of angular cross section complementary to saidupper and lower guide members to form substantially overlapping jointswith said guide members so as to windproof the joints; a plurality oflongitudinally spaced downturned L-shaped members affixed to the upperportion of said frame, with each of said members having an arm thatprojects downwardly into said upper guide member; a plurality ofrollers, with each of said rollers situated within the confines of saidupper guide member and rotatably supported from one of said arms, withsaid rollers movably connecting said section to said guide member; aplurality of upturned L-shaped members aflixed to the lower portion ofsaid section, with each of said members having an arm that extendsupwardly into each lower guide member; and a plurality of transverselyextending springs, with each one of said springs being supported by oneof said arms, and slidably engaging the two interior vertical surfacesof said lower guide member to restrain lateral movement of said section.

3. A window structure which includes: a substantially rectangular frameprovided with a head member and a sill member; a horizontally extendingupper guide member of substantially J-shaped cross section formed onsaid head member; a longitudinally extending lower guide member ofinverted J-shaped cross section formed on said sill member; asubstantially rectangular section situated within the confines of saidframe, with said section having upper and lower horizontal members ofangular cross section that form substantially overlapping joints withsaid guide members so as to wind-proof the joints; a plurality oflongitudinally spaced down-turned L-shaped members aflixed to the upperportion of said section, with each of said members having a rollerrotatably mounted thereon, said rollers movably connecting said sectionto said upper guide member for horizontal movement in said frame; aplurality of upturned L-shaped members afiixed to the lower portion ofsaid section with each of said members having an arm that extendsupwardly into said lower guide members; and spring means affixed to aportion of said L-shaped members amxed to the upper portion of saidsection and on all of said L-shaped members affixed to the lower portionof said section, with said spring means engaging the interior 10vertical surfaces of said guide members to restrain lateral movement ofsaid section.

4. A window structure which includes: a substantially rectangular frameformed with a head member, a sill member and two end members that have amullion intermediately positioned therebetween with said frame having anupper horizontally extending guide member of J -shaped I cross sectionformed on said head member and a lower guide member of inverted J-shapedcross section formed on said sill member; a rectangular section situatedWithin the confines of said frame, with said section having upper andlower members of angular cross section complementary to said upper andlower guide members to form substantially overlapping joints with saidguide members so as to wind-proof the joints, said upper and lowermembers being connected'by vertical end pieces; roller means affixed tothe upper portion of said section and engaging said upper guide memberto movably support said section therefrom; a plurality of longitudinallyextending springs affixed to both the top and bottom of said section,with each one of said springs being situated within the confines of oneor the other of said guide members and slidably engaging the verticalwalls thereof to restrain rattling and lateral movement of said section;and sealing means formed on said vertical end pieces of said sectionwhich are adapted to engage one of said end pieces of said frame andsaid muilion when said section is in the closed position to form asubstantially wind-proof joint.

5. A window structure which includes: a substantially rectangular frameprovided with a head member and a sill member; a horizontally extendingupper guide member of substantially J-shaped cross section formed onsaid head member; a longitudinally extending lower guide member ofinverted J-shaped cross section formed on said sill member; asubstantially rectangular section situated within the confines of saidframe; a plurality of down-turned L-shaped members affixed to the upperportion of said section, with each of said members having an arm thatprojects downwardly into said upper guide member; a plurality ofrollers, with each of said rollers situated within the confines of saidupper guide member and rotatably supported from one of said arms, saidrollers movably connecting said section to said upper guide memberwhereby said section may be moved horizontally in said frame; ahorizontally extending arm formed. on the lower portion of said section,said arm extending below said guide member; and a resilient rollerelement mounted upon said arm for rotation about a vertical axis, theperiphery of said roller element being engageable at all times with atleast one of the vertical interior surfaces of said lower guide memberso as to restrain lateral movement of said section.

6. A window structure which includes: a substantially rectangular frameprovided with a head member and a sill member; a horizontally extendingupper guide member of substantially J-shaped cross section formed onsaid head member; a longitudinally extending lower guide member ofinverted J-shaped cross section formed on said sill member; asubstantially rectangular section situated within the confines of saidframe, with said section having upper and lower horizontal members ofangular cross section complementary to said upper and lower guidemembers to form substantially overlapping joints with said guide membersso as to wind-proof the assures io nt a plurality oi l ngit dinallypaced downturned LV-shaped members aifi-xed; to the upper portion ofsaid frame; with; each of said, members haying an; arm that projectsdownwardly into upper guide member; a; plurality of rollers, v

with; each of; said rollers situated Within the eenfines of said upperguide member and rotatthbi supported from one of said arms, with saidrollers movably supporting said section from said guide member; ahorizontally extending arm formed onthe lower portion of, said section,said arm extending below said guide member; and silient roller elementmounted upon said armto-rota-teabout a vertical axis, the periphery ofsaid roller element being engageable at all times. withat least one ofthe vertical interior surf es of said lower, guide member so as torestrainlateral movement of said section.

7. A window structure which includes: a substantially rectangular frameprovided, with, a ead member nd a sill member; a horizontally extending;upper guide member of substantially Jrshapedeross section iormedon saidhead member; a longitud-inall extending lower guide member of invertedJ.-shaped crosslsection formed on saidsillmember; a substantiallyrectangular seetionl ituatedi Wi hinthe. confines of saidframe; aplurality of downturned. L-shaped members affixed tov the upp r portionat said, section, with 12 each of: said. members having an arm'thatprojects downwardly into said upper guide member; a plurality ofrollers, with each of said rollers situated within. the confines ofsaid: upper. guide member and. rotatably supported. from one ofsaidarms, said rollers movably connecting said section to said upperguide member whereby said section may be moved horizontally in saidframe; a horizontally extendingv arm formed on the. lower portion. ofsaid section, said arm extending below said lower guide, member; and atransversely extending guiding element supported said arm and being.engageable at all times with at least one of the vertical interiorsurfaces of said lower guide-member so as to. restrain lateral movementof said section.

' WILLIAM C. WATKJNE.

References. Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES: PATENTS

